Oilmax Products
GASOLINE
GASOLINE
Gasoline, also known as petrol in Commonwealth English, is a transparent, yellowish, and flammable liquid. It is a petrochemical product derived from crude oil and other petroleum liquids. Gasoline’s primary use is as a fuel for internal-combustion engines, particularly in vehicles. It is a mixture of volatile, flammable hydrocarbons.
Gasoline is a complex blend rather than a single chemical compound. Its main components are:
- Hydrocarbons: Primarily C4 to C12 aliphatic (straight- and branched-chain) and cyclic hydrocarbons. Common families include:
- Paraffins (alkanes): e.g., pentane, hexane, heptane
- Iso-paraffins: branched alkanes that improve octane rating
- Olefins (alkenes): small fractions like butenes
- Aromatics: toluene, xylenes, and smaller arenes
- Additives (in small concentrations, to improve performance and durability):
- Octane enhancers: substances that raise the octane rating (e.g., ethanol is used in some blends; on a historical note, MTBE has been used in some regions but is less common now due to contamination concerns)
- Detergents: cleaners to prevent deposit buildup in the fuel system
- Corrosion inhibitors: protect metal components
- Antioxidants: prevent gum formation and fuel degradation
- ** Viscosity improvers and cold-flow agents**: in some formulations to maintain performance in varying temperatures
- Antiknock additives: historically tetraethyl lead (now phased out in most regions due to toxicity and environmental impact)
- Sulfur compounds (in some reformulated blends): small amounts to meet regulatory limits; modern refinement aims for very low sulfur content.
Key characteristics that result from these components:
- Boiling range: gasoline typically boils roughly between 30°C and 200°C, with a high Reid vapor pressure at room temperature influencing volatility.
- Octane rating: a measure of anti-knock performance, influenced by the proportions of branched paraffins, aromatics, and olefins.
- Toxicity/environmental impact: aromatic content and sulfur content affect emissions and health considerations.
Gasoline efficiency levels :
- Energy content and fuel economy
- Higher energy content per liter/gallon generally improves potential fuel economy, but real-world efficiency also depends on engine design and compression.
- Octane rating and anti-knock performance
- Higher octane fuels resist knocking in high-compression engines, enabling optimal timing and efficiency in modern engines.
- Volatility and operating temperature
- Proper volatility ensures efficient cold-starts and consistent performance; overly volatile fuels can lead to vapor lock and inefficiency.
- Cleanliness and deposit control
- Detergency and deposit-prevention additives help maintain engine efficiency by minimizing fuel-system and combustion deposits.
- Emissions-related efficiency
- Some fuels are designed to reduce certain emissions; cleaner combustion can indirectly support efficiency by preserving engine running conditions.
- Regional formulations and blends
- Variations (e.g., regular, mid-grade, premium; E10, reformulated blends) affect octane, volatility, and energy content, thereby influencing real-world efficiency.
main applications of gasoline:
- Fuel for internal combustion engines
- Primary use: powering most light-duty vehicles (cars, motorcycles, small trucks) and many lawn and garden equipment
- Used in spark-ignition engines requiring a high-energy liquid fuel
- Aviation (some applicability)
- Avgas is a specialized aviation gasoline used in piston-engine aircraft; standard automobile gasoline is not suitable for aircraft engines
- Marine propulsion (certain engines)
- Small boats and personal watercraft sometimes use gasoline engines, though many now use diesel or alternative fuels
- Recreational equipment
- Chainsaws, generators, snowmobiles, ATVs, outboard motors, and other portable power equipment
- Industrial and backup power
- Gasoline-driven generators and portable power units for temporary or remote power supply
- Blending and testing applications
- Used as a test fuel in labs and for calibrating engines, fuel systems, and emission testing
Key notes:
- Gasoline is primarily chosen for its high energy density, ease of handling, and suitability for spark-ignition engines.
- In some regions, gasoline blends (e.g., E10, E15) incorporate ethanol to reduce emissions and meet regulatory requirements.
- Environmental and regulatory considerations influence the choice of gasoline formulations and additives.
GASOIL
GASOIL
Gas oil, also known as light fuel oil or diesel fuel in many contexts, is a distillate fuel produced during the refining of crude oil. It lies heavier than gasoline and lighter than heavy fuel oil, typically with a boiling range that corresponds to middle distillates.
It is widely used as a fuel for internal combustion engines, especially compression-ignition engines (diesel engines). It can also be used as a feedstock for producing middle distillates like diesel and heating oil after refining.
Key properties (typical, can vary by specification):
- Density: higher than gasoline, usually around 0.830–0.900 kg/L depending on grade.
- Viscosity: low-to-moderate; designed for reliable atomization in diesel engines.
- Sulfur content: varies by grade and market; ultra-low sulfur varieties are common to meet emission standards.
- Cetane rating: an important quality metric for diesel fuels, indicating ignition quality in diesel engines.
- Flash point: relatively high, contributing to safer handling compared to lighter fuels.
Main applications of gas oil:
- Diesel engines (transport and industry)
- Automotive diesel engines in cars, trucks, buses.
- Marine diesel engines for ships and boats.
- Non-road diesel engines used in construction, agriculture, and mining equipment.
- Heating and power generation
- Used in some residential, commercial, or industrial heating systems, especially where natural gas is unavailable or in off-grid settings.
- Fuel for portable or stationary diesel generators.
- Marine fuel (bunker fuel range)
- In some markets, gas oil can be used as a marine fuel within certain sulfur limits and regulatory frameworks (though heavier marine fuels are also common).
- Refining feedstock
- Gas oil fractions can be used as feedstock for producing lubricants, lubricating base oils, or as intermediates in petrochemical processes.
Important notes and regulatory context:
- Standards and grades: Gas oil grades are defined by regional specifications (e.g., EN 590 in Europe for diesel, ASTM D975 in the US). Specifications cover properties like sulfur content, cetane, lubricity, and pour point.
- Emissions: Diesel fuels, including gas oil, have been subjected to increasingly strict sulfur and emission standards. Ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) reduces sulfur oxides and particulate emissions.
- Handling and safety: Gas oil is flammable and should be stored and handled with appropriate safety measures (ventilation, leak detection, proper containment).
OCTAN BOOSTER
OCTAN BOOSTER
What is OCTAN BOOSTER?
- OCTAN BOOSTER typically refers to a fuel additive or performance booster marketed under the OCTAN brand (or a similar naming convention). Such boosters are designed to improve engine performance, cleanliness, and efficiency by enhancing combustion, reducing deposits, and protecting fuel systems.
- Common formulations may include detergents, dispersants, octane enhancers, lubricity agents, antioxidant stabilizers, and moisture/ corrosion inhibitors. The exact composition varies by product line and region.
Typical purposes and benefits
- Improved octane or anti-knock performance: Some boosters claim to raise effective octane in gasoline blends, helping to prevent pre-ignition or knocking in high-compression engines.
- Injector and intake cleanliness: Detergents help remove or prevent carbon and varnish deposits on injectors, intake valves, and ports.
- Fuel system protection: Lubricity additives reduce wear on pumps and injectors, especially in older vehicles or low-sulfur fuels.
- Stability and storage life: Stabilizers extend the shelf life of fuels containing ethanol or other reactive components.
- Cold start and combustion efficiency: Certain formulations aim to improve cold-start performance and overall combustion efficiency.
Common usage and guidelines
- How to use: Add the booster to the fuel tank according to the product’s label instructions (typically a fixed amount per tank). Do not exceed recommended dosages.
- Compatibility: Check that the booster is compatible with your fuel type (gasoline, diesel, or biodiesel) and with your engine or vehicle manufacturer’s guidelines.
- Frequency: Some boosters are intended for regular use, while others are for occasional treatment or during long storage.
- Safety: Handle with care, keep away from heat sources, and store in a cool, dry place. Follow label instructions for dosing and disposal of any container residue.
Important notes
- Performance claims: The effectiveness of boosters can vary based on engine condition, fuel quality, and operating conditions. In some cases, benefits are modest or not noticeable.
- Regulatory and environmental considerations: Use products that meet regional regulatory standards and avoid formulations with disclosures that could harm the environment or catalytic converters if not recommended for your vehicle.
- Maintenance context: For ongoing engine cleanliness and efficiency, good fuel quality, regular maintenance, and using manufacturer-recommended fuels are important, and boosters are supplementary.
BASE OIL
BASE OIL
Base oil is the primary component of lubricating oils. It provides the bulk of lubrication and determines many fundamental properties of the final product.
It is produced by refining crude oil (mineral base oils) or through chemical processing of other feedstocks (synthetic base oils like PAO, ESTER, etc.).
Base oils are classified by viscosity and performance standards (e.g., API grades for mineral oils: SA, SB, etc.—with modern classes like API Group I, II, III; and synthetic categories such as PAO, PAG, esters).
Key properties influenced by the base oil include viscosity, viscosity index (VI), pour point, volatility, oxidation stability, detergency, and lubricity.
Common types of base oils
- Mineral base oils (Group I–III): Derived from refining crude oil; vary in sulfur content and impurities; cost-effective with wide usage.
- Synthetic base oils:
- Polyalphaolefins (PAO): Good thermal stability, broad temperature performance.
- Esters: Excellent lubricity and high VI; good for high-temperature or specialty applications.
- PAGs (polyglycols): Useful in certain high-temperature or specialty lubricants; can have different compatibility.
- Bio-based or natural ester base oils: Renewable or biodegradable options used in certain applications.
BASE OIL applications
- Lubricating oils for engines
- Motor oils, diesel oils, and industrial engine lubricants rely on a base oil blended with additives (anti-wear, detergents, antioxidants) to meet performance specs.
- Transmission and gear oils
- Base oil forms the main medium for lubricating gears and clutches, combined with additives to manage wear, rust, and oxidation.
- Hydraulic fluids
- Base oils with appropriate viscosity and shear stability are used in hydraulic systems; additives provide anti-wear and corrosion protection.
- Industrial lubricants
- Metalworking fluids, bearing oils, compressor oils, and circulating oils use base oils tailored to temperature and load conditions.
- Specialty and biodegradable lubricants
- Certain base oils (synthetic or bio-based esters) are chosen for low volatility, favorable environmental profiles, or high-temperature stability.
OCTAN BOOSTER and BASE OIL interaction
- OCTAN BOOSTER, as a fuel additive or performance booster, is typically not a base oil itself but may interact with engine oils or fuels depending on its formulation.
- If a product is advertised as a fuel booster, it is usually added to gasoline or diesel fuels for combustion enhancement, detergency, or stabilization. It is not a substitute for base oil in lubricants.
- In the context of lubricants, a booster or conditioner marketed for engines might claim to improve cleanliness or efficiency, but it would still be formulated with a base oil and a suite of additives to meet specifications.
Important notes
- Specifications and standards: Base oils and finished lubricants are governed by regional standards (e.g., API, ACEA, ISO for lubricants; EN or ASTM specifications for testing properties). Choose base oils that match engine requirements and operating conditions.
- Compatibility: Always ensure that any fuel additives (like OCTAN BOOSTER) are compatible with the lubricant system and engine manufacturer recommendations. Using incompatible products can affect seals, catalytic converters, or lubrication performance.
- Maintenance and testing: Regular oil analysis helps monitor base oil condition, contamination, and additive performance to plan timely oil changes.
Automotive Lubricants
Automotive Lubricants
Lubricants formulated for the lubrication of automotive engines, transmissions, axles, and auxiliary systems. They typically combine a base oil with a package of additives to meet OEM specifications.
- Common product types:
- Engine oils (motor oil) for gasoline/diesel engines
- Transmission fluids (ATF, CVT fluids)
- Differential/gear oils
- Coolant-compatible oils (less common, but some formulations exist)
- Key considerations:
viscosity grades (e.g., 5W-30, 0W-20), API/ACEA approvals, fuel economy, wear protection, detergency, oxidation stability, and compatibility with seals.
Industrial Lubricants
Industrial Lubricants
- What they are: Lubricants used in industrial machinery and equipment (compressors, gearboxes, hydraulic systems, bearings, metalworking fluids).
- Common product types:
- Hydraulic oils
- Gear oils
- Compressor oils
- Industrial gear and bearing lubricants
- Metalworking fluids and neat cutting oils
- Key considerations: higher load, varying temperatures, shear stability, water resistance, rust and corrosion protection, and compatibility with seals and materials.
MARINE OILS
MARINE OILS
Marine oils are specialty lubricants formulated for marine engines, propulsion systems, and associated equipment. They are engineered to perform under the demanding and often harsh conditions of the marine environment, including high humidity, exposure to sea water and salt spray, vibration, and long service intervals. These oils must comply with relevant marine industry standards and classifications (such as those set by API, ISO, ACEA, and OEM specifications) to ensure reliability, protection, and efficiency across a wide range of vessel types—from small pleasure boats to commercial ships and offshore platforms.
Key characteristics and requirements:
- Protection in harsh environments: Designed to resist corrosion and rust caused by seawater exposure, high humidity, and humid cabin areas.
- Oxidation and deposit control: Formulated to minimize sludge, varnish, and deposit formation under high-temperature operation and steady-state cruising conditions.
- Shear stability: Engineered to maintain consistent viscosity under the mechanical shear forces present in dynamic marine engines, ensuring reliable lubrication over extended periods.
- Fuel compatibility: Formulated to work with marine fuels, including high-sulfur and low-sulfur variants, and to mitigate issues arising from fuel-related contaminants.
- Seawater dilution resistance: Effective emulsification and stability to handle any incidental seawater mixing or splash, maintaining lubricity and protecting engine components.
- Wear and bearing protection: Superior film strength and load-carrying capacity to protect crankpins, bearings, camshafts, and valve mechanisms under heavy loads and rough seas.
- Deposit and sludge control: Low-ash, low-iron, and low-sulfur formulations to reduce ash-related deposits and protect exhaust and after-treatment systems.
- Long service intervals: Formulated for extended drain intervals and robust performance across varying operating profiles typical of marine vessels, including idling, trolling, and long-range cruising.
- Compatibility with materials and seals: Specifically designed to be compatible with marine-specific elastomers, seals, gaskets, and pump materials to prevent swelling or hardening.
- Environmental and regulatory considerations: Many marine oils are designed to meet or exceed environmental regulations for emissions, oil spill response, and ballast water interactions, where applicable.
Common types and applications:
- Engine oils: For two-stroke and four-stroke marine diesel and gas engines, providing base lubrication and additive protection.
- Auxiliary system oils: Lubricants for pumps, hydraulics, turbochargers, and gear systems on ships and offshore platforms.
- Hydraulic oils: Fluids that power steering, deck machinery, winches, and other hydraulic components, with marine-specific additive packages.
- Gear and transmission oils: Lubricants designed for reduction gears, propulsion gearboxes, and stern-tube bearings.
- Cylinder oils and top-end lubricants: Specialized treatments for piston rings, cylinder walls, and valve trains in high-mileage or high-load applications.
Performance enhancements to look for:
- Anti-oxidation and rust inhibitors compatible with seawater exposure.
- Extreme pressure (EP) additives for high-load bearing surfaces.
- Detergency and dispersancy to keep engines clean in long-haul operations.
- Foam control and air-release properties to minimize cavitation and aeration in air-saturated marine systems.
- Low volatility and good hold-up in hot, humid cabins and engine rooms to reduce oil consumption.
Usage considerations:
- Follow OEM specifications and the vessel’s operating profile (engine type, power range, duty cycle) when selecting a marine oil.
- Consider regional fuel characteristics (sulfur content, availability) and maintenance schedules when planning oil changes.
- Conduct regular oil sampling and analysis to monitor viscosity, contamination, and additive depletion, adjusting maintenance plans accordingly.
PROCESS OIL
PROCESS OIL
Process oils are a broad class of hydrocarbon-based lubricants and fluids used across industrial processing. They serve as primary lubricants for machinery, process fluids in metalworking and plastics manufacturing, carriers or diluents in coatings and adhesives, heat transfer fluids, and specialty hydrocarbon fluids for polymer processing, extrusion, and other continuous-process applications. These oils are selected to support consistent viscosity, lubricity, and thermal performance throughout demanding production environments.
Types:
- Paraffinic/mineral process oils: General-purpose hydrocarbon oils with good lubricity and broad compatibility.
- Bright stock oils: Higher-viscosity, used for tackiness, cushioning, or as basestock for various formulations.
- White oils: Highly refined, colorless mineral oils with stringent odor and residue characteristics, often used in food, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic-related processing where purity is essential.
- Specialty hydrocarbon fluids: Functional fluids designed for specific processes (e.g., heat transfer, hydraulic control, polymer lubrication, or extrusion aids) with tailored viscosity, volatility, and additive packages.
Key considerations:
- Polymer compatibility: Compatibility with polymers used in processing equipment and polymer products to prevent swelling, degradation, or embrittlement of seals, hoses, and contact surfaces.
- Volatility and evaporation loss: Selection based on process temperature profiles to minimize vaporization, odor, and worker exposure while maintaining lubricity.
- Heating stability and thermal stability: Resistance to oxidation, formation of gums, and sludge under high-temperature processing or long dwell times.
- Viscosity behavior and shear stability: Stable viscosity across process temperatures and under mechanical shear to maintain consistent lubrication and process control.
- Contamination control: Low extractables and impurities to prevent contamination of polymer products or downstream processes.
- Regulatory compliance: Alignment with environmental, occupational, and product-specific regulations (VOC limits, HICP, REACH, FDA/EFSA if relevant, or industry-specific standards) and compatibility with workplace safety requirements.
- Material compatibility: Compatibility with metals, elastomers, seals, gaskets, and processing equipment to prevent corrosion, swelling, or degradation.
- Food-grade and pharmaceutical considerations: When applicable, meeting relevant purity standards and approval pathways for use in or near consumable products.
Common applications:
- Lubrication for bearings, gears, and moving parts in processing machinery.
- Process fluids for metalworking, including cutting fluids or emulsions where hydrocarbon oils act as carriers or carriers additives.
- Polymer processing and extrusion: oils act as process lubricants, plasticization aids, or carrier oils for additives.
- Heat transfer and hydraulic fluids in processing lines and equipment.
- Carrier fluids in coatings, inks, and adhesive manufacturing.
Performance enhancements to look for:
- High-temperature stability and low volatilization to reduce odor and worker exposure.
- Oxidation resistance and sludge control to extend equipment life and reduce maintenance.
- Low residue and cleanability to minimize deposits on critical surfaces and product contact zones.
- Low volatility and appropriate flash points for safe handling and compliance with safety standards.
- Additive compatibility: Inhibitors, antioxidants, and anti-wear components selected to match processing conditions.
Usage considerations:
- Match process oil grade to application: select viscosity range, thermal profile, and compatibility with process materials.
- Consider downstream product requirements: potential impact on polymer properties, color, odor, or purity in the final product.
- Monitor and manage emissions, odors, and worker exposure through ventilation and handling practices.
- Establish oil-change and replacement intervals based on process demands, contamination risk, and equipment wear.
- Conduct periodic sampling and analysis for viscosity, acidity/alkalinity, contamination, and oxidation products to guide maintenance and replacement schedules.
ENGINE COOLANT, ANTI FREEZE
ENGINE COOLANT, ANTI FREEZE
What they are: Coolants/antifreeze fluids used in internal combustion engines to regulate temperature and prevent freezing and overheating.
Key components: water, ethylene or propylene glycol (carboxylate/zwitterion corrosion inhibitors in modern formulations), silicates, nitrites where applicable.
Applications: Passenger cars, industrial engines, marine engines, and heavy equipment. Must meet OEM specifications (e.g., ASTM D3306, ASTM D4985, JIS standards), as well as regional climate requirements.
Important notes: Corrosion protection, freeze/boil over protection, material compatibility, and maintenance intervals (flushes and recharges).